If you rename the computer from "oldhost" to "newhost", the following name changes occur: Computer name: newhost DNS domain name of computer: example. After the name change is applied in System Properties , Windows prompts you to restart the computer. The client computer uses the currently configured FQDN of the computer, such as " newhost. For standard primary zones, the primary server, or owner, that is returned in the SOA query response is fixed and static.
The primary server name always matches the exact DNS name as that name is displayed in the SOA resource record that is stored with the zone. However, if the zone that is being updated is directory-integrated, any DNS server that is loading the zone can respond and dynamically insert its own name as the primary server of the zone in the SOA query response.
The client processes the SOA query response for its name to determine the IP address of the DNS server that is authorized as the primary server for accepting its name. If it is required, the client performs the following steps to contact and dynamically update its primary server:.
The client sends a dynamic update request to the primary server that is determined in the SOA query response. If this update fails, the client next sends an NS-type query for the zone name that is specified in the SOA record. When the client receives a response to this query, the client sends an SOA query to the first DNS server that is listed in the response. After the SOA query is resolved, the client sends a dynamic update to the server that is specified in the returned SOA record.
If this update fails, the client repeats the SOA query process by sending to the next DNS server that is listed in the response. After the primary server that can perform the update is contacted, the client sends the update request, and the server processes it. The contents of the update request include instructions to add A, and possibly PTR, resource records for " newhost. The server also checks to make sure that updates are permitted for the client request.
For standard primary zones, dynamic updates are not secured. Any client attempt to update succeeds. For Active Directory-integrated zones, updates are secured and performed using directory-based security settings. Dynamic updates are sent or refreshed periodically. By default, computers send an update every twenty-four hours.
If the update causes no changes to zone data, the zone remains at its current version, and no changes are written. Updates that cause actual zone changes or increased zone transfers occur only if names or addresses actually change.
Names are not removed from DNS zones if they become inactive or if they are not updated within the update interval of twenty-four hours. DNS does not use a mechanism to release or to tombstone names, although DNS clients do try to delete or to update old name records when a new name or address change is applied. This value determines how long other DNS servers and clients cache a computer's records when they are included in a query response. Scope clients can use the DNS dynamic update protocol to update their host name-to-address mapping information whenever changes occur to their DHCP-assigned address.
This mapping information is stored in zones on the DNS server. This enables the client to notify the DHCP server as to the service level it requires. In this case, the option is processed and interpreted by Windows Server-based DHCP servers to determine how the server initiates updates on behalf of the client. This is the default configuration for Windows. To configure the DHCP server to register client information according to the client's request, follow these steps:.
So far, it was not a problem as the zone was not secured and there was no custom ACL. But before securing the zone, we need to ensure that such entries have corresponding system account as the owner.
What we are trying to achieve would be something like this:. But how can we achieve this? How can we do this for a huge number of records? I have created two PowerShell scripts which would help here:.
The above links would tell us how to use these scripts. Now, before securing the zone, we have to ensure that this account will get sufficient privilege to update all existing records. How to ensure that? Let's assume there are existing dynamic records, some of which are updated by the system itself Case 1 and some of which are updated by the DHCP server Case 2. One way is to use the first script and get the owner of the record.
If the owner is the system itself, the record is registered and will be updated by the system. However, if there is confusion, and to avoid any possible outage after securing the zone, the best approach is to configure both permissions. So in this approach, each dynamic record will have two entries added with full control permission:.
This is the safest approach, as it will ensure that after securing the zone the record would be updated, no matter who requests the update, system itself or DHCP server.
If we have to change the security settings for multiple DNS zones which are already in production, the best approach is to change it in one zone, observe the result for few weeks and then proceed for others one by one. However, the best approach is to secure the zone before going to production , to avoid all these future complexities.
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